Real-world treatment patterns in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps who initiated dupilumab: A US claims analysis
Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: Global, 2025
Background
Dupilumab was approved as an add-on maintenance treatment for adult patients with inadequately controlled chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps based on the pivotal phase 3 trials.
Objective
Our aim was to assess patients' adherence to and persistence with dupilumab treatment in a real-world setting.
Methods
Patients aged 18 to 64 years who initiated dupilumab treatment between June 26, 2019, and December 31, 2021, were identified by using the IQVIA PharMetrics Plus claims database. Patients were required to have at least 12 months of continuous enrollment (baseline period) before the first recorded dispensing of dupilumab and at least 1 diagnosis of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps during the baseline period. Follow-up was censored at health plan disenrollment or on December 31, 2021. Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics as well as persistence with dupilumab treatment, adherence to dupilumab treatment regimen, discontinuation of dupilumab treatment, and reinitiation of dupilumab treatment were assessed during the follow-up period. A time-to-event analysis was conducted to assess the probability of persistence with and reinitiation of dupilumab treatment at 6 and 12 months.
Results
The 3318 patients included had a mean age of 47.1 years (SD = 11.1 years); 54.4% were male. After initiation of dupilumab treatment, the probabilities of persisting with dupilumab treatment were 84.9% and 69.5% at 6 and 12 months, respectively, with 75.2% of patients adhering to dupilumab treatment during the persistence period. Approximately 43.3% of patients who discontinued dupilumab treatment resumed it within 12 months, with the median time to reinitiation being 1.2 months.
Conclusion
Persistence with dupilumab treatment remained high at 12 months, with more than 40.0% of patients who discontinued dupilumab treatment reinitiating it within 12 months in this real-world practice setting.
Authors
Pinto JM, Fillbrunn M, Martins B, Yang M, Chen C, Nash S, Corbett M, Gandhi A, Wang Z