The Clinical Burden of Hypereosinophilic Syndrome in a Large United States Cohort
The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 2025
Background
There are limited real-world analyses of patients with hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) in the United States.
Objective
To describe and compare treatment patterns and disease burden between patients with diagnosed or predicted HES and those without HES with elevated blood eosinophil count (BEC).
Methods
Open claims data were used to identify patients with ≥2 BEC >1,000 cells/μL, who were classified into 3 cohorts: patients with an HES diagnosis code (Group 1), patients identified as having HES by a claims-based prediction model (Group 2), and patients without HES with elevated BEC (Group 3). HES-related treatments, disease manifestations, HES flares, and all-cause healthcare resource utilization (HRU) were evaluated during the 12 months following a randomly selected elevated BEC. Group 3 was compared to Groups 2 and 1, separately, using Wilcoxon rank sum test for continuous variables and Chi-squared test for categorical variables.
Results
The study included 212 patients in Group 1, 8,089 in Group 2, and 132,945 in Group 3. Approximately 62.3% of Group 1 received ≥1 HES-related treatment, with corticosteroids being the most common (59.0%). The most common disease manifestations were those related to the upper airway/pulmonary (61.8%), constitutional (46.2%), dermatologic (35.8%), and gastrointestinal systems (34.4%). Among patients in Group 1, 22.2%, 97.2% and 25.9% had ≥1 inpatient, outpatient, and emergency department visit, respectively. Compared to Group 3, Groups 1 and 2 had more corticosteroid use and HRU (all p<0.05).
Conclusion
Patients with HES had a substantial clinical and HRU burden versus those without HES with elevated BEC.
Authors
Ogbogu PU, Carstens D, Mu F, Cook EE, Chung Y, Cheng M, Judson E, Chen J, Wang T, Chen Z, Khoury P